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"In more than 15% of cases of wrongful conviction overturned by DNA testing, an informant or jailhouse snitch testified against the defendant. Often, statements from people with incentives to testify – particularly incentives that are not disclosed to the jury – are the central evidence in convicting an innocent person." –Midwest Innocence Project Readings Jailhouse Snitch Testimony: A Policy Review, The Justice Project, Washington, D.C. 2007 [online text] Alexandra Natapoff, Beyond Unreliable: How Snitches Contribute to Wrongful Convictions, 37 Golden Gate U. L. Rev. 107 (2006) [online text] Russell D. Covey, Abolishing Jailhouse Snitch Testimony, 49 Wake Forest L. Rev. 101 (2014) [online text] Videos: In-Class Viewing Getting It Right: Informants Alexandra Natapoff, "Snitching: Criminal Informants and the Erosion of American Justice" Prof. Paul C. Giannelli on Jailhouse Snitches Defense Counsel: Dealing with the Snitch Here's How: To Handle the Snitch at Trial Preparation for Cross-Examination of the Snitch Defense Responses to Jailhouse Informant Testimony Videos Professor Alexandra Natapoff on Snitching Alexandra Natapoff on Why Snitching is Harmful WLKY Investigates: Jailhouse Informants The Corruption of Innocence: A Journey for Justice Confidential Informants: Knowing Your Rights Former DA: How to fight a police informant case Prosecutor Mike Allen on Confidential Informants Commonwealth v. Jones, Jailhouse Informants Casey Anthony: Is Robyn Adams a Jailhouse Snitch The Investigators: Confidential Informants in Limbo Recruited by Police & Thrown Into Danger, Young Informants Are Drug War's Latest Victims [15:22 mins.] [Democracy Now] Pt2 [9:27 mins.] Use of Informants in the War on Drugs Tony Sera--A Lawyer Known for Attacking Snitch Testimony To Snitch Or Not To Snitch
Case Study (Juan Melendez) Juan Melendez: Snitch Testimony Case Study (Ken Wyniemko) Ken Wyniemko Interview Case Study (Steven Barnes) Additional Cases--John Nolley John Nolley Freed After 19 Years In Prison Additional Cases--Alfred Trenkler The Alleged Wrongful Conviction of Alfred Trenkler Additional Cases--Whitey Bulger Use of Informants by Law Enforcement Blogs Snitching Blog Beware the Jailhouse Snitch Reports The Snitch System The Attorney General's Guidelines Regarding the Use of Confidential Informants Report of the Kaufman Commission on Proceedings Involving Guy Paul Morin Thomas Sophonow Inquiry Report Law Review Articles C. Blaine Elliott, Life's Uncertainties: How to Deal with Cooperating Witnesses and Jailhouse Snitches, 16 Cap. Def. J. 1 (2003) George C. Harris, Testimony for Sale: The Law and Ethics of Snitches and Experts, 28 Pepp. L. Rev. 1 (2000) Peter A. Joy, Constructing Systemic Safeguards Against Informant Perjury, 7 Ohio St. J. Crim. L. 677 (2010) [online text] __________, Brady and Jailhouse Informants: Responding to Injustice, 57 Case W. Res. L. Rev. 619 (2007) Myrna S. Raeder, See No Evil: Wrongful Convictions and the Prosecutorial Ethics of Offering Testimony by Jailhouse Informants and Dishonest Experts, 76 Fordham L. Rev. 1413 (2007) [online text] Steven S. Trott, Words of Warning for Prosecutors Using Criminals as Witnesses, 47 Hastings L.J. 1381 (1996) Books Ethan Brown, Snitch: Informants, Cooperators, and the Corruption of Justice (Public Affairs, 2007) Alexandra Natapoff, Snitching: Criminal Informants and the Erosion of American Justice (NYU Press, 2009) [Andrew E. Taslitz, Prosecuting the Informant Culture, Mich. L. Rev. 109 1077 (2011)] [review essay] Web Resources Snitch
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Jailhouse Snitches|Informants