Psychology for Lawyers

sigmund freud & psychoanalysis: introduction


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Preface

"In the years since Freud's death, psychology has moved on, building on his and his colleagues' work, developing theories of clinical practice more sophisticated and more effective than the psychoanalysis he left us. Nonetheless, he is the most powerful, original, and influential writer psychology has produced; studying the mind without studying Freud is like studying evolution without Darwin."

--Michael Kahn, Between Therapist and Client: The New Relationship 22 (New York: W.H. Freeman /Holt Paperback, rev. ed., 1997)

"[O]ver the last few years [there has been] a resurgence of interest in psychoanalysis. Both as a way of helping us make sense of the problems and frustrations we experience in today's world, our passions and human dilemmas, and as a method of treatment which just might, after all, help us overcome our problems better than any other that has been devised. . . . [T]here is a growing consensus that there is no way to deal with emotional issues without facing and making sense of what we experience inside. Namely, the passions that can enslave us, the hidden motives that can pervert us, and the illusions that can blind us."

--Douglas LaBier, Modern Madness: The Emotional Fallout of Success 14-15 (Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley Publ. Co., 1986)

Readings

Adam Phillips, Becoming Freud: The Making of a Psychoanalyst 1-13 (New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2014)

Stephen Grosz, The Examined Life: How We Lose and Find Ourselves 146-150, 167-178 (New York: W.W. Norton, 2013)

Class Videos

Preface

Class Viewing 1: An Archaeology of the Mind [1:07 mins.] [Freud Museum London] [commentary by John Forrester & Astrid Gessert]

Class Viewing 2: Psychoanalysis: An Introduction [6:40 mins.] [psychoanalysts talk about psychoanalysis] [appearances by David A. Smith, Harold Kudler, Paul Brinich, Heather A. Craig, Tom Linden]

Introduction

Class Viewing 3: Sigmund Freud: Thinkers for Our Time [1:27:42 mins.] [The British Academy] [2015] [Stephen Frosh's "academic work has focused on helping to establish the new discipline of psychosocial studies, especially through considering the psychological, social and cultural applications of psychoanalytic theory." Birkbeck, University of London] [Frosh comments on the saturation of our culture with Freud's ideas] ["We have minds that are complex"; "we each have depths hard to plumb" and this turns out to be "a Freudian idea"] [Begin at 4:30 mins.; ends at 9:32 mins.] [For a longer presentation end at 15:45 mins.; Frosh comments on psychoanalysis as a "marginal discipline." and while we know that psychoanalyis is a form of therapy, Frosh advises that it is better thought of as a "discipline, a way of knowing things."]

Class Viewing 4: Interview with Mark Solms [21:38 mins.] [Mark Solms is a South African psychoanalyst and neuropsychologist. He currently holds the Chair of Neuropsychology at the University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital (Departments of Psychology and Neurology) and is the President of the South African Psychoanalytical Association.] [Begin at 0:43 mins.; end at 8:42 mins.] [For a longer presentation skip from 8:42 mins. to 12:14 mins.; end at 14:22 mins] ["what is unique to psychoanalysis is that we deal with subjective experience"; what did Freud get right: 1) "the ubiquity of unconscious processes"; 2) importance of early childhood experience; 3) instinctual life (basic drives); 4) insights into dreams.]

Class Viewing 5: Jordan Peterson: Freud and the Dynamic Unconscious [48:21 mins.] [2017 course lecture in Peterson's course, Personality and Its Transformation] [brief introduction to the Oedipal complex; Freud helped us think more carefully about the unconscious; "the idea that you are one mind is a dubious" proposition; "we are fractionated"; "unconscious processes are a living thing"; viewing our interior parts as "subpersonalities"; Freud came up with a systematic theory of "what is not accessible to our awareness"; "you can act out things you don't understand"; "your dreams watch you act"; dreams contain information that "you are not consciously aware of"; Freud focused on sexual and aggressive impulses; some things are not allowed to surface (to the conscious mind)] [end the Peterson lecture at 6:53 mins.; begin again at 15:13 mins, end at 28:35 mins.] [selected viewing: 20 mins.]

Optional (The School of Life, Introduction to Freud and Psycholanalysis)

Psychotherapy: Sigmund Freud [7:19 mins.] [end presentation at 2:31 mins.]

How Our Childhoods Affect Our Adult Lives [7:58 mins.]

How Our Past Influences Our Present [7:35 mins.]

Footnotes

Adam Phillips: One Way and Another [17:19 mins.] [streamed live on December 2, 2013] [begin presentation at 1:16 mins.; end at 8:42 mins.] [Phillips comments on psychoanalysis and neuroscience, at 13:32 mins., ends at 14:52 mins.] [full-length version of the video :: 57:31 mins.]

Psychoanalysis and Literature [1:43:43 mins.] [Mark Edmundson comments at 20:09 mins. to 23:45 mins., pick up again at 47:20 mins. to 49:23 mins. (Freud has no "functional theory of happiness") (with a nod to Adam Philips)]

Footnotes to the Solms Presentation

Jordan Peterson on a Neuroscience Approach to Personality

2016 Personality Lecture 5: Piaget, Segueing into Jung
[1:13:48 mins.] [this footnote for the Solms lecture ends at 1:38 mins.] [Peterson's lecture on Jung begins at 36:48 mins.]

Heather Berlin, a Neuroscientist, on Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis and Neuroscience: Ten Years Later
[1:58:19 mins.] [Heather Berlin appears at 20:04 mins., to 22:44 mins.] [Mark Solms appears on this 2010 panel at 27:46 mins., end at 29:12 mins., also at 30:19 mins. to 31:29 mins.]

Alternative Class Video (Jordan Peterson)

Jordan Peterson Lecture: Freud: An Overview [1:18:39 mins.] [2016 course lecture in Peterson's course, Personality and Its Transformation] [one possible viewing would end the Peterson lecture at 46:04 mins; alternatively, view the entire video]

Jordan Peterson Lecture: Freud [1:14:39 mins.] [2015 course lecture in Peterson's course, Personality and Its Transformation] Lecture Part II [1:16:06 mins.] [in class viewing can end at 38:50 mins.]

Jordan Peterson Explains Psychoanalytic Theory [24:13 mins.]

reference: Jordan Peterson Lectures and Videos

Introduction: What Is Psychoanalysis

What is Psychoanalysis?
[8:39 mins.] [Freud Museum London] Pt2 [10:14 mins.] Pt3 [10:45 mins.] Pt4 [10:58 mins.]

The Analytic Cure Across the Schools
[1:56:38 mins.] [Don Carveth] [first possible end of the presentation at 7:41 mins.; resume presentation at 10:26 mins. (on strengthening the ego), end at 19:06 mins. (when Carveth turns to Melanie Klein)]

Introduction to Psychology: Freud
[56:30 mins.] [Paul Bloom, Yale University] [2008] [begin presentation at 1:58 mins. and end class presentation at 20:48 mins.] [on ego defense mechanisms, see 20:48 mins. to 25:40 mins.] [for a longer presentation end at 28:40 mins.] [at 32:52 mins. Bloom discusses the contemporary critique of Freudian theory]

Psychoanalysis: A Cautionary Note

Jordan Peterson: Carl Rogers, Humanism, Phenomenology
[50:09 mins.] [Peterson comments on his regard for psychoanalysis, and how it may not always provide the best perspective in a clinical setting; begin presentation at 13:35 mins. and end at 20:12 mins.]

Nancy McWilliams on Psychoanalysis and its Discontents (and Hopes for the Future)
[33:30 mins.]

Integral Psychology & Relational Psychoanalysis
[12:29 mins.]

The Analytic and the Relational: Inquiring into Psychotherapy Practice
[1:01:16 mins.] [Farhad Dalal]

Reference (Jordan Peterson)

Civilize Your Primal Motivations
[2:43 mins.]

Peterson Explains Psychoanalytic Theory
[24:13 mins.] [poor quality video]

Reference (Adam Phillips)

On Vacancies of Attention
[1:11:47 mins.] [Brown University, 2017] [Phillips lecture begins at 3:46 mins., ends at 49:44 mins.]

Freud's Helplessness
[1:21:39 mins.] [Berkeley, California, 2009] [Phillips' presentation begins at 4:20 mins.]

On Kindness
[5:45 mins.]

Autobiography
[2:05 mins.] [comments on reading Jung's Memories, Dreams, and Reflections]

Interview
[14:31 mins.] [2011] [Phillips comments on therapy at 4:18 mins. to 6:14 mins.; on therapy and theories; listening for the sentence; stories can be defensive (a coherent narrative ecludes a lot of anomalous and difficult things)]

Writing a Book about Freud
[4:02 mins.] [Adam Phillips] Pt2 [6:32 mins.]

Adam Phillips On Becoming Freud
[53:46 mins.]

Freud's Impossible Life
[48:14 mins.] [audio] [podcast originally published by the University of Oxford Podcast Series in November, 2012]

On the Couch: Adam Phillips & Daphne Merkin
[53:46 mins.]

On Being Too Much for Ourselves
[13:42 mins.] [audio]

Pleasure and Frustration
[6:08 mins.]

Live from the New York Public Library
[6:09 mins.]

An Interview with Adam Phillips
[4:03 mins.] Pt2 [6:32 mins.]

An Interview of Adam Phillips
[57:31 mins.]

Conversation with Psychoanalyst James Mann
[1:02:37 mins.] [relates his early interest in psychoanalysis to reading Jung's Memories, Dreams, Reflections] [talking about his book Unforbidden Pleasures]

Talking with Chris Oakley about Unforbidden Pleasures
[1:03:03 mins.]

On Money
[44:36 mins.]

Missing Out
[1:01:10 mins.]

On Losing and Being Lost Again
[56:59 mins.] [Phillips' presentation begins at 3:26 mins.]

In Conversation with Andrew Miller
[1:28:51 mins.]

Adam Phillips on Sebald
[3:39 mins.]

Reference (Mark Solm)

Class Viewing 5: A Neuropsychoanalytic Approach to the "Talking Cure"
[1:49:00 mins.] [National Psychological Association For Psychoanalysis | The New School] [The Solms lecture begins at 1:08:00 mins.; runs approx. 38 mins.] [for a short presentation, end at 1:12:55 mins. (for a 5 min. presentation[a "neuro-scientific story" about psychoanalysis] [The lecture that proceeds the Solms presentation on this video is by Jaak Panksepp, "Ancestral Memories: Brain Affective Systems, Ancient Emotional Vocalizations, and the Sources of Ou
r Communicative Urges"]

Neuro-Psychoanalysis: Where Mind Meets Brain
[29:15 mins.]

The Role of the Unconscious
[10:56 mins.]

Psychoanalysis and Neuroscience?
[8:36 mins.]

Neuroscience Challenging Psychoanalysis?
[11:57 mins.] [2016]

Psychoanalysis: Relevance to Neuropsychoanalysis
[7:31 mins.]

Instincts, Dreams, Freud & Neuroscience
[7:06 mins.]

Interview
[21:38 mins.]

Psychoanalysis and Neuroscience
[1:58:19 mins.] [panel presentations] [Mark Solm in dialogue with Robert Michels who is skeptical about the usefulness of neuroscience to validate psychoanalysis; dialogue begins at 27:46 mins., runs to 35:56 mins.] [Solms also appears at 1:25:12 to 1:28:16 mins.]

The Conscious Id
[1:19:00 mins.] [Solm's lecture begins at 5:30 mins.] Pt2 [1:12:55 mins.] [discussion of the lecture]

The Unconscious in Psychoanalysis and Cognitive Science
[57:48 mins.] [a lecture titled, "Consciousness by Surprise"] [2014] [poor quality video; audio is fine]

General Principles of the Hypothetico-­Deductive Approach
[2:10:58 mins.]

The Animal Within Us
[2:07:14 mins.] [St. Louis Psychoanalytic Institute] [2015] [presentation begins at 7:26 mins.]

Mark Solms: University of Cape Town Online Course: "What Is a Mind?"

Index of Questions and Topics Posed for Discussion

Is Our "Mind" the Only Mind that Exists in Our Brain?
[7:11 mins.] [Mark Solms]

Does the Mind Control Us or Do We Control the Mind?
[7:44 mins.]

The Role of Imagination
[5:59 mins.]

What Do We Really Mean by "Subjectivity"?
[7:30 mins.]

Do Thoughts Follow Feelings?
[7:21 mins.]

Changing Our Responses to our Surroundings and Emotions
[6:56 mins.]

The Function of Dreams
[7:37 mins.]

Definition of "Consciousness"
[9:04 mins.]

The Role of the Unconscious
[10:56 mins.]

Which Came First: Conscious or Unconscious?
[11:09 mins.] [podcast]

Relationship between Unconscious and Conscious
[5:07 mins.] [podcast]

Who and What Am "I"?
[7:47 mins.]

Reference (Neuropsychoanalysis)

Neuropsychoanalysis with Neuroscientist Maggie Zellener
[26:10 mins.] [audio interview] [Maggie Zellener is a psychoanalyst in private practice in New York] [Zellener talks about her introduction to psychoanalysis; the beginning of the interview is a rather good introduction to psychoanalysis] [possible end of presentation in 10:07 mins.]

The Neuroscience of Emotions
[1:02:09 mins.] [Philippe Golden]

Embodied Happiness: The Practical Neuroscience of Positive Emotions
[1:12:50 mins.] [Rick Hanson] Pt2 [51:33 mins.]

Motivation to Pursue Dreams and Hopes: Understanding the Brain's Reward System
[1:27:09 mins.]

Neuropsychoanalysis: How Can We Practice Such A Transdisciplinary Enterprise?
[1:23:30 mins.]

Couch Meets Scanner: The New Science of Neuropsychoanalysis
[56:23 mins.] [Casey Schwartz] [presentation begins at 4:12 mins.]

Reference (Neuro-Psychoanalysis | Heather Berlin)

Who Is Your Brain?
[15:16 mins.] [TED Talk]

Delving Within
[1:13:52 mins. October, 2016] ["Delving Within: The New Science of the Unconscious" featuring Steve Paulson, Efrat Ginot, Heather Berlin, and George Makari]

What Separates the Unconscious from the Conscious?
[3:19 mins.]

Does Cognitive Neuroscience Research Validate Freud?
[4:32 mins.] [an excerpt from from "Delving Within: The New Science of the Unconscious" featuring Steve Paulson, Efrat Ginot, Heather Berlin, and George Makari]

Cognitive Science of the Unconscious Mind
[13:30 mins.] [2012]

The Neuroscience of the Unconscious
[45:43 mins.] [2016] [presentation at the Mind Science Foundation]

The Neural Basis of the Dynamic Unconscious
[1:05:38 mins.] Pt2 [1:01:38 mins.] [discussion of Heather Berlin lecture]

Heather Berlin, The Neural Basis of the Dynamic Unconscious, 13 (1) Neuropsychoanalysis 5 (2011) [online text]

The Brain is Our Last Frontier and Consciousness is Expanding
[18:09 mins.] [TED talk]

Who's Really in Control? The Illusion of Free Will
[45:10 mins.]

Theories of Consciousness: Science Goes to the Movies
[3:35 mins.]

Reference (Books on the Mind-Brain Dialogue)

The Neuropsychoanalysis Association recommends the following books on the mind-brain dialogue:

Mark Solms & Oliver Turnbull, The Brain and the Inner World (New York: Other Press, 2002)

Jaak Panksepp & Lucy Biven, The Archeology of Mind: Neuroevolutionary Origins of Human Emotion (New York: W.W. Norton, 2912)

Norman Doidge, The Brain That Changes Itself (New York: Penguin, 2007)

Karen Kaplan-Solms & Mark Solms, Clinical Studies in Neuro-Psychoanalysis (New York: Other Press, 2001).

Stanislas Dehaene, Consciousness and the Brain (New York: Penguin Books, 2014).

Aikaterini Fotopoulou, Donald Pfaff & Martin A. Conway (eds.), From the Couch to the Lab: Trends in Psychodynamic Neuroscience (New York: Oxford University Press, 2012)

Antonio Damasio, Self Comes to Mind (New York: Vintage, 2012)

Reference (Critical View of Neuropsychoanalysis)

Franck Ramus, What's the Point of Neuropsychoanalysis?, 203 Brit. J. Psychiatry (2013) [online text]

Reference (The Debate about Neuropsychoanalysis)

Anton Glasnović, Goran Babić & Vida Demarin, Psychoanalysis Has Its Place in Modern Medicine, and Neuropsychoanalysis Is Here to Support It, 56 Croatian Med. J. 503 (2015) [online text]

Mathieu Arminjon, Is Psychoanalysis a Folk Psychology?, Frontiers in Psychology (March, 2013) [online text]

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